📌 Introduction
Anticancer drugs are used in the treatment of cancer by inhibiting the growth and spread of abnormal cells. Cancer is a condition characterized by uncontrolled cell division.
This topic is very important for GPAT, DSSSB, and other pharmacy exams.
🔍 What is Cancer?
Cancer is a disease in which cells grow uncontrollably and may spread to other parts of the body (metastasis).
Common types:
• Breast cancer
• Lung cancer
• Blood cancer (leukemia)
📝 Classification of Anticancer Drugs
Anticancer drugs are classified into:
• Alkylating agents
Examples: Cyclophosphamide
• Antimetabolites
Examples: Methotrexate
• Antibiotics (Antitumor)
Examples: Doxorubicin
• Plant alkaloids
Examples: Vincristine
• Hormones
Examples: Tamoxifen
🧬 Mechanism of Action
• Alkylating agents → damage DNA
• Antimetabolites → inhibit DNA synthesis
• Antibiotics → interfere with DNA replication
• Plant alkaloids → inhibit mitosis
🩺 Pharmacological Effects
• Inhibit cancer cell growth
• Destroy tumor cells
• Prevent metastasis
💊 Therapeutic Uses
Used in:
• Leukemia
• Breast cancer
• Lung cancer
• Lymphoma
🚨 Side Effects
• Bone marrow suppression
• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Immunosuppression
📑 Important Exam Points
• Methotrexate → antimetabolite
• Cyclophosphamide → alkylating agent
• Vincristine → inhibits mitosis
• Combination therapy is common
🛑 Precautions
• Monitor blood counts
• Avoid infections
• Use supportive therapy
🎯 Conclusion
Anticancer drugs are essential in cancer treatment. Understanding classification, mechanism, uses, and side effects is crucial for exams and clinical practice.
👉 Practice MCQs in evening post
1 thought on “Anticancer Drugs: Classification, Mechanism, Uses & Side Effects”